External versus internal fixation for arthrodesis of chronic ankle joint infections — A comparative retrospective study

Abstract Background Arthrodesis of the ankle is a salvage procedure in case of chronic ankle joint infection. External fixation still is the gold standard. We compared the outcome of external fixator versus intramedullary nailing for arthrodesis of the infected ankle joint. Methods All patients with ankle joint infection who received arthrodesis with either external fixator or intramedullary nail between 08/2009 and 09/2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Endpoints were the successful control of infection, osseous fusion, and mobilization with full weightbearing. Results Seventy-one patients were included. Nineteen patients (27%) suffered reinfection. Patients with intramedullary nailing showed significantly fewer reinfections ( p  = 0.019), achieved full weightbearing significantly more often ( p  = 0.042) and faster and developed significantly fewer complications ( p Conclusions Ankle arthrodesis with intramedullary nailing appears to be a successful alternative to the established procedure of external fixation in cases of chronic ankle joint infection.