Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) を用いたABO血液型判定の試み

On blood group ABO, A antigen is converted from O antigen (H-substance) with A-transferase, whereas B antigen from the same substrate with B-transferease. Yamamoto et al (Nature, 345: 229-233, 1990) recently elucidated cDNA sequence of ABO genes, and showed the differences among A, B, and O allelic cDNAs. Therefore, the determination of ABO-genotype can be analysed by means of PCR of genomic DNAs and digestion of the PCR-products with restriction enzymes at the different points of nucleotides. We collected blood samples from a total of 52 Japanese healthy volunteers (30 female and 22 male), which include 16 A-type, 14 B-type, 10 O-type, and 12 AB-type, and defined the ABO genotype utilizing PCR and restriction enzymes. The results are followings; 3 AA (18.8%) and 13 AO (81.2%) in phenotype A, 5 BB (35.7%) and 9 BO (64.3%) in phenotype B. No conflict results were observed in individuals with phenotypes AB and O.