How sticky information and members attitudes affects the co-innovate carbon emission reduction?

Abstract There is an inevitable trend in carbon emission reduction and various contracts designed to promote environmental products in the supply chain. The aim is to analyze the effects of sticky information and members' attitudes on co-innovate decisions toward carbon emission reduction in the supply chain. Six strategies proposed on the mixture of three types of members’ attitudes towards co-innovation and two types of strategy style, and a penalty contract designed to tackle these issues.