Monochorionic Diamniotic Twin Pregnancy Discordant for Fetal Anencephaly; Is Expectant Management the Best Approach?

Introduction: Monochorionic twin pregnancy discordant for fetal anencephaly supposes a high-risk pregnancy in which the death risk and comorbidity of the healthy fetus could be compromised as a consequence of the apparition of polyhydramnios, increased risk of preterm labor, and fetal death of the anencephalic one.Case Presentation: It is described as a monochorionic twin pregnancy case with the diagnosis of discordant anencephaly in one of the fetuses which are finally delivered at the 36th week of gestation.Conclusions: In monochorionic twins, the risks that affect the prognosis of the pregnancy are the consequence of the polyhydramnios that can be developed in the affected fetus, as well as hemodynamic alterations that are caused by the death of the affected one. Expectant management is the most frequent management in these cases. In this document, it is pretended to review and summarize the management options in this scenario.