Presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates possessing blaVIM-1 in Greece

Abstract Amongst nalidixic acid-resistant, ciprofloxacin-susceptible Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates recovered over a 5-month period from inpatients and outpatients of Attikon University General Hospital (Athens, Greece), only one E. coli was positive for qnrB2 and one K. pneumoniae was positive for qnrA1 . Both isolates were extended-spectrum β-lactamase-negative, metallo-β-lactamase-positive and carried the bla VIM-1 gene. Neither of the isolates had mutations in gyrA and parC or carried aac(6 ′ )-Ib-cr or qepA . The K. pneumoniae isolate also harboured bla CMY-13 on the same transferable plasmid with qnrA1 . This is the first report of a qnrA1 -positive K. pneumoniae and qnrB2 -positive E. coli harbouring a concurrent bla VIM-1 gene.