Osteoporose em caprinos

A study of cases of osteoporosis in goats diagnosed in the Laboratorio de Patologia Veterinaria, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, was performed. The epidemiology, clinicopathological changes and possible pathogenetic mechanisms were determined and discussed. Five goats, females, mixed breed, with six months to six years of age were affected. The goats were kept on natural pasture without supplemental feed and under overcrowding condition. The main clinical signs were weight loss, limited mobility, and recumbence for long periods. The main gross bone changes, observed on the cutting surface, were depletion of cancellous bone (porosity) and marked reduction in the thickness of the cortical bone. Severe serous atrophy of medullary adipose tissue was also observed. Microscopically, in the evaluated regions (proximal humerus, distal radius, distal femur, proximal tibia and lumbar vertebral bodies), moderate to marked reduction in the number and thickness of bone trabeculae in the epiphyses and metaphyses of long bones and in the vertebral bodies were observed. The clinicopathological features indicated that the osteoporosis observed was probably caused by malnutrition. The bone changes (decrease in the number and thickness of trabeculae of cancellous bone) suggest that both mechanisms, poor bone formation and increased bone resorption, contributed to the occurrence of osteoporosis in the goats of this study.