Photovoltaic institutional issues study

The significance of institutional issues to the development of photovoltaics is presented for four issue areas: codes, ordinances and standards; financial and taxation; insurance and liability; and, environmental and other issues. The key institutional issues are presented in the context of nine prototypical systems, designed to reflect institutional issue variation. Key institutional issues associated with each of the aforementioned issue areas are explored to demonstrate their relevance to application of photovoltaics. Programmatic recommendations are made which could serve to address institutional issues identified. Also included are opportunities for those persons, agencies and governmental entities involved in the commercialization and widespread use of photovoltaics to address the institutional issues identified. (WHK)