Аэробное целлюлозолитическое сообщество ассоциантов сфагнового мха Sphagnum fallax как основа в процессах деструкции пожнивных остатков

At present, the agricultural practice has the actual problem of waste products utilization, in particular the most pressing question is the crop residues degradation. From Sphagnum fallax (H. Klinggr.) H. Klinggr., by the method of enrichment cultures we have isolated the aerobic cellulolytic community, which was stable in periodical cultivations on liquid mineral medium with cellulose. The taxonomic position of the five dominant community components was established and their physiological and biochemical properties were studied. The field experiments, in which barley straw was treated with the culture of celluloselytic community, or Bacillus subtilis Ch-13, or microbial preparation Barkon (ARRIAM, Russia) showed their impact on the processes of humification and straw mineralization in soil under specialized grain rotation. The effectiveness of studied cellulolytic microorganisms community in the processes of mineralization and humification of barley stubble was proved on the basis of changes in the following indicators: increase the number of microorganisms-destructors of fresh organic matter, increasing the rate of mineralization and microbial biomass content, increase the CO 2 emissions, increase the actual cellulolytic activity and the content of readily degradable organic matter. Cellulolytic activity of association was the highest for the initial period after inoculation and straw incorporation into the soil.