Dioctophymatosis as cause of dyspnea in a dog

2019 
EnglishDioctophyme renale is a parasite of the nematode class that can infect various species, including humans and dogs. Usually, the parasite migrates to the right kidney of the definitive host. Although, aberrant migrations have been previously reported, they mainly occur without clinical manifestations. No reports of dyspnea secondary to D. renale infestation has been found in the reported literature. The aim of this paper is to report intense respiratory distress caused by the presence of the parasite in the thoracic cavity of a dog. Radiographic images revealed multiple circular structures with a cavity with a radiopaque, thick contour in the thorax, which raised the suspicion of pulmonary bullae. Ultrasound examination revealed nematode infestation in the right kidney, scrotum, and thoracic cavity. Subsequently, right nephrectomy, orchiectomy and trans-sternal thoracotomy were performed to remove the parasites. The patient exhibited recovery after the procedures. Key words: Dioctophyme renale; dyspnea; thorax; pulmonary bullae portuguesDioctophyme renale e um parasita da classe de nematoda que pode infectar diferentes especies, incluindo humanos e caes. Normalmente, o parasita migra para o rim direito do hospedeiro definitivo. Embora migracoes erraticas tenham sido relatadas anteriormente, estas geralmente ocorrem sem manifestacoes clinicas. Nao foram encontrados relatos de dispneia secundaria a infestacao de D. renale. O objetivo deste trabalho e relatar a presenca do parasita na cavidade toracica de um cao, causando angustia respiratoria. As imagens radiograficas revelaram a presenca de multiplas estruturas circulares com aspecto de cavidade e contorno espesso radiopaco no torax, o que suscitou a suspeita de bullae pulmonar. O exame de ultra-som foi determinante na revelacao de infestacao multipla por nematodeos, no rim direito, escroto e cavidade toracica. Posteriormente, como medida terapeutica, foram realizadas os procedimentos de nefrectomia direita, orquiectomia e toracotomia transesternal para remocaodos parasitas. O paciente evoluiu clinicamente bem apos os procedimentos. Palavras-chave: Dioctophyme renale; dispneia; torax; bullae pulmonar
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