Estudo histológico comparativo e controlado de fibras colágenas da pele humana após terapia celular com fibroblastos

Introduction: The dermis is mainly composed of the extracellular matrix and fibroblasts that produce collagen types I and III, and elastic fibers. Objective: To verify through a prospective, comparative controlled clinical study whether there is an increase in the production of collagen fibers in healthy human skin after the injection of autologous fibroblasts in the dermis. Methods: Two skin fragments were collected from the right retro-auricular region of four women aged between 25 and 60 years. In one of the fragments, histology was carried out with Hematoxylin-Eosin and Picrosirius to qualify and quantify the collagen fibers (Control Group). A second fragment underwent enzymatic digestion in the laboratory aimed at extracting and culturing fibroblasts. After satisfactory growth (1 x 107 cells / ml) the cultured fibroblasts were injected in the left retro-auricular region of the patients (Study Group). Three months after biopsies were harvested from this region, they were subsequently stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin and Picrosirius for comparative study between the two groups. Results: Statistical analysis of the number of collagen fibers in the three layers of the dermis - upper, middle and deep - comparing the study and control groups, showed that the mean and median observed after the injection of the cells were greater than those observed before the injection. Conclusion: The injection of fibroblasts results in an increase in the amount of collagen fibers in all regions of the dermis, with the increase being greater in the deeper regions. Introducao:A derme e composta principalmente por matriz extracelular e fibroblastos,que produzem colageno tipos I e III, e fibras elasticas. Objetivo: Atraves de estudo clinico prospectivo,comparativo e controlado verificar se ha, na pele humana sadia, aumento na producao de fibras colagenas apos a injecaode fibroblastos autologos na derme. Metodos: Foram colhidos dois fragmentos de pele, na regiao retroauricular direita de quatro mulheres com idade entre 25 e 60 anos. Em um dos fragmentos foi feita a analise histologica com hematoxilina-eosina e picrosirius, para qualificacao e quantificacao de fibras colagenas (grupo controle). O outro fragmento foi submetido, em laboratorio, a uma digestao enzimatica para extracao e cultivo de fibroblastos. Apos crescimento satisfatorio (1 x 107 celulas/ml) os fibroblastos cultivados foram aplicados na regiao retroauricular esquerda das pacientes(grupo pesquisa). Tres meses apos foram colhidas biopsias dessa regiao e tambem coradas com hematoxilina-eosina e picrosirius para o estudo comparativo dos dois grupos. Resultados: O estudo estatistico do numero de fibras colagenas nas tres camadas da derme - superior, media e profunda - , comparativo entre os grupos-controle e pesquisa, mostrou que as medias e medianas observadas apos a aplicacao das celulas foram maiores do que as observadas antes da aplicacao. Conclusao: A injecao de fibroblastos redunda em aumento na quantidade de fibras colagenas em todas as regioes da derme, sendo maior na regiao profunda