Conhecimento dos discentes de um curso de enfermagem acerca do testamento vital / Nursing student’s knowledge about the living will
2021
Introducao: O avanco da medicina e a sobrevivencia de pacientes com doencas graves consideradas anteriormente irrecuperaveis resultou no prolongamento do processo de morrer do paciente e, consequentemente no sofrimento adicional para o paciente e seus familiares. Nesse contexto emergiu o Testamento Vital (TV). O TV e um documento redigido por uma pessoa no pleno gozo de suas faculdades mentais, com o objetivo de dispor acerca dos cuidados, tratamento e procedimentos que deseja ou nao ser submetida quando estiver com uma doenca ameacadora de vida, fora de possibilidades terapeuticas e impossibilitado de manifestar livremente sua vontade. Objetivo : Verificar o conhecimento dos discentes de um Curso de Graduacao em Enfermagem acerca do TV. Material e Metodo: Tratou-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo, de natureza quantitativa. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram discentes do dos 7o e 8o semestres do Curso de Graduacao de Enfermagem. Foi aplicado um formulario com questoes sobre o perfil sociodemografico e relativas ao TV. Resultados: 8 (25%) discentes responderam adequadamente a definicao do TV, 14 (43,75%) responderam de forma parcialmente adequada, e 8 (25%) responderam nao ter conhecimento; com relacao a vontade expressa no TV 31 (97%) respeitariam. 18 (56%) discentes afirmaram nao ter discutido sobre o tema TV durante a graduacao e 9 (28%) discentes afirmaram ter conhecimento sobre a Resolucao CFM No 1.995/2012; 8 (89%) que adquiriram durante a graduacao na disciplina Etica e Exercicio de Enfermagem II. Discussao : Os resultados se aproximam de um estudo realizado com discentes de medicina, onde apenas 23% entendiam plenamente a definicao do TV; 77,6% dos discentes nao tiveram a oportunidade de discutir sobre o tema durante a graduacao; e 91% desconheciam a Resolucao do CFM No 1.995/2012. Conclusao: Nesse estudo concluimos que o conhecimento dos discentes de graduacao em enfermagem acerca do TV nao e totalmente adequado, apesar de ser abordado em uma disciplina do curso. Dessa forma, acreditamos que faz-se necessario que esse conteudo seja abordado em outras disciplinas da matriz curricular do curso. Palavras chave: Testamento quanto a vida, Diretivas antecipadas, Estudantes de Enfermagem ABSTRACT Introduction: The advance of medicine and the survival of patients with unrecoverable serious diseases results in the prolongation of the patient’s death process and, consequently, in the additional suffering of patients and their families. In this context came the Living Will (LW). The LW is a document written by a person in the full enjoyment of their mental faculties, with the purpose of disposing about the care, treatment and procedures that they want or not to undergo when they are with a life-threatening disease, beyond therapeutic possibilities and unable to freely manifest their will. Objective: Verify the knowledge of students of a Nursing Undergraduate Course about the LW. Material and methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive, quantitative study. The research subjects were students from the 7th and 8th semesters the Nursing Undergraduate Course. A form with questions about sociodemographic profile and about the LW was applied. Results: 8 (25%) students adequately answered the definition of LW, 14 (43.75%) answered partially adequate, and 8 (25%) answered have no knowledge. 31 (97%) students answered would respect the will expressed on LW; 18 (56%) students said they did not discuss the topic of LW during the graduation. 9 (28%) said they had knowledge about CFM Resolution No 1.995/2012, 8 (89%) said they had acquired knowledge about CFM Resolution No 1.995/2012 during the graduate in the subject Nursing Ethics and Exercise II. Discussion: The results are similar to a study with medicine students, where only 23% of students fully understood the definition of LW; 77.6% of students did not have the opportunity to discuss the topic during the graduation and 91% were unaware of CFM Resolution No 1.995/ 2012. Conclusion : Concluded that the knowledge of undergraduate nursing students about LW is not entirely adequate, despite being addressed in a course discipline. Thus, we believe that it is necessary this content to be addressed in other disciplines of the curriculum of the course. Keywords : Living wills; Advance directives; Students, nursing
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