Experimental study on effect of density ratio and phase transition during sloshing impact in rectangular tank

Abstract In this study, experiments are conducted to examine the effect of the density ratio and phase transition on the sloshing impact. In order to create a condition in which phase transition may occur during sloshing impact, a liquid called NOVEC 7000 which has a boiling point of 34 °C is used for the experiment. A series of sloshing experiments are performed using water, NOVEC700 at room temperature (25 °C), and NOVEC 7000 at its boiling point (34 °C). To this end, a rectangular tank with heating coils in the back side is fabricated to observe the detailed flows from various perspectives. The impact pressures are measured by dynamic pressure sensors, synchronizing a high-speed camera in the front in order to examine the effect of phase transition. The effects of the density ratio and phase transition on impact pressures are investigated at different filling conditions. When the impact occurs with gas pocket, the oscillation is reduced and the pressure rise-time increases at the boiling point, and liquefaction phenomenon is observed on the wall. The present experimental methods and results using NOVEC700 will be very useful for analyzing the physical phenomena of sloshing in real liquefied natural gas cargo holds.