Male factors in repeated spontaneous abortion

Repeated spontaneous abortion (RSA),with very complicated pathogenesis,has an incidence of about 0.5%-2.0%.As for the paternal part which provides half of the genes for the embryo,current studies mainly focus on the genes of somatic cells or germ cells.Chromosome abnormality of somatic cells,chromosome disorder of sperm,defects in sperm quality,genetic mutation,senility,infection and any other paternal gene abnormalities that affect the embryo would induce RSA.This paper presents an update on the above mentioned paternal factors which might result in RSA.