A polymorphism in transforming growth factor-β1 is associated with carotid plaques and increased carotid intima–media thickness in older Chinese men: The Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study-Cardiovascular Disease Subcohort

Abstract Objective Polymorphisms of the transforming growth factor-β1 ( TGFB1 ) gene have not been associated with asymptomatic atherosclerosis previously. We investigated the relationship between a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs4803455 in TGFB1 and atherosclerosis identified by the presence of carotid plaque and increased intima–media thickness (IMT) in an older Chinese population. Methods 1996 subjects (992 (49.7%) men aged 50–85 years) from the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study-Cardiovascular Subcohort (GBCS-CVD) were genotyped. Carotid plaque and IMT were assessed by B-mode ultrasonography. Results In male subjects, the C allele of TGFB1 rs4803455 was significantly associated with prevalence of carotid plaque (adjusted OR: 2.49, 95% CI: 1.16–5.36, P =0.03). The C allele was related to increased number of common carotid artery (CCA) plaques ( P =0.03) and larger carotid plaque area ( P =0.02) in men. The homozygous carriers of allele C in male subjects also had a higher risk of having carotid IMT ≥1mm (adjusted OR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.05–2.93, P =0.03). These associations were independent of age, smoking, physical activity, body mass index, blood pressure, lipid profile, fasting glucose and high sensitivity C-reactive protein. Conclusion This is the first study to show that the C allele in TGFB1 was associated with increased risk of atherosclerosis in older Chinese men. Further investigations on the linkage between the TGFB1 gene and progression of atherosclerosis in asymptomatic populations are warranted.