Activité antifalcémiante d’extraits de trois plantes médicinales du Bukina Faso: Jatropha curcas , Khaya senegalensis et Dichrostachys cinerea

2018 
Dans cette etude, une evaluation retrospective sur 3 ans de la prevalence de l’hemoglobine S dans le Centre medical urbain de Samadin a ete faite. Ensuite, les effets d’extraits aqueux de trois plantes utilisees dans le traitement de la drepanocytose chez des malades ont ete evalues. L’evaluation de prevalence sur les dossiers de malades ayant realise une electrophorese sur les trois dernieres annees dans le centre donne 87% pour AS, 2,4% pour SS et 10,6% pour SC. Elle a ete faite sur 2133 patients dont 208 presentaient l’hemoglobine S. Pour evaluation des effets antifalcemiante de Jatropha curcas , de Khaya senegalensis et de Dichrostachys cinerea qui consistait a incuber durant 30 mn les hematies AS dans l’extrait aqueux des feuilles de J. curcas , D. cinerea et l’extrait aqueux des ecorces de K. senegalensis et de compter le nombre de drepanocytes formes durant le test d’Emmel. Les resultats obtenus et compares a ceux des temoins blancs donnent en activite antifalcemiante respectivement 97% pour Jatropha curcas , 32% pour Khaya senegalensis et 91% pour Dichrostachys cinerea . Ces observations suggerent que les extraits aqueux de ces plantes contiennent des composes ayant des activites antifalcemiantes, toutes choses qui justifient leur utilisation dans le traitement traditionnel de la drepanocytose. © 2017 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Mots cles: Hemoglobine, drepanocytose, activite antifalcemiante, Jatropha curcas , Khaya senegalensis et Dichrostachys cinerea English Title: Antisickling activity of extracts of three medicinal plants of Bukina Faso: Jatropha curcas , Khaya senegalensis and Dichrostachys cinerea English Abstract In this study a retrospective evaluation of sickling hemoglobin prevalence has been carried out during the last three years in Samadin urban medical center. In the other way, the effects of aqueous extract of three plants using in traditional treatment of sickle-cell anemia in Burkina Faso were studied. The results of  prevalence in the sickle-cell disease, in Samdin urban center made on 2133 patients out of which 208 presenting hemoglobin S had given 87% of AS, 2.4% of SS and 10.6% for SC. For evaluating the antisickling activities Jatropha curcas , of Khaya senegalensis and Dichrostachys cinerea , we incubed for 30 minutes cells globin AS in the aqueous extracts of these three plants and counted the residual sickling cells in the Emmel test. The results expressed in percentage are compared with those of blank example. We obtained 97% with Jatropha curcas , 32% with Khaya senegalensis and 91% with Dichrostachys cinerea . The results of the study show that the aqueous extracts of these three plants have some components with antisickling activities and support the traditional use of these plants in management of sickle-cell disease. © 2017 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Keywords: Hemoglobin, sickle cell anemia, antisickling activities, Jatropha curcas , Khaya senegalensis , Dichrostachys cinerea
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