Influence of gestational age and reason for prior preterm birth on rates of recurrent preterm delivery

Objective We sought to compare rates of recurrent spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB) in women receiving 17-α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17P) with prior SPTB due to preterm labor (PTL) vs preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). Study Design Women with singleton gestation having 1 prior SPTB enrolled at 16-24.9 weeks' gestation for weekly outpatient 17P administration were identified from a database. Rates of recurrent SPTB were compared between those with prior SPTB due to PTL or PPROM overall and by gestational age at prior SPTB. Results Records from 2123 women were analyzed. The prior PTL group vs the prior PPROM group experienced higher rates of recurrent SPTB at P = .004), P = .004), and P = .024), respectively. Conclusion Reason and gestational age of prior SPTB influence the likelihood of recurrent SPTB in women receiving 17P prophylaxis.