Dynamics of body weight and comorbidities in obese patients after sleeve gastrectomy vs. gastric bypass

Background: Bariatric surgery methods have proven to be most effective in treating obesity. Weight regain (WR) is often found after various types of bariatric surgery. The clinical significance of WR is not clearly defined. Aims: to assess the dynamics of body weight and determine the amount of clinically significant WR based on the study of carbohydrate metabolism and blood pressure in patients with obesity after performing sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and gastric bypass (GB). Materials and methods: 68 patients with obesity after SG (40) and GB (28) were observed for 3 years. Body mass index (BMI), percentage of excess BMI lost (% EBMIL), WR, glycated hemoglobin, blood pressure were evaluated. Results: A comparable efficiency (EBMIL more than 50%) of the SG and the GB was at the nadir point. % EBMIL over 50% was achieved in 78.8% of patients after SG and 80.0% of patients after GB. WR more than 15% was associated with a significant increase in systolic blood pressure. Clinically significant WR in the SG group was detected in 32.5% of patients, in the GB group – in 17.2% of patients ( p > 0.05). Conclusion: WR of more than 15% was associated with a significant increase in systolic blood pressure in patients with obesity after SG and GB, which makes it possible to consider WR of more than 15% clinically significant. A clinically significant WR 36 months after surgery was detected in 32.5% of patients after SG and 17.2% of patients after GB.