Hints of FLRW Breakdown from Supernovae

2021 
A 10% difference in the scale for the Hubble parameter constitutes a clear problem for cosmology. As recently observed \cite{Krishnan:2021dyb}, only {a modification to} early Universe physics remains as a resolution within Einstein gravity plus the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) paradigm, but the current approaches are unconvincing, since they inflate other tensions. Here, working within FLRW and the flat $\Lambda$CDM cosmology, we observe that a correlation between higher $H_0$ and the CMB dipole {at high redshift}, as observed in \cite{Krishnan:2021dyb}, can be extended from strongly lensed quasars to Pantheon Type Ia supernovae (SN) at $ > 2 \sigma$ significance. Taken in tandem with mismatches between the CMB dipole and the dipole inferred from distant radio galaxies and quasars (QSOs), a resolution to Hubble tension outside of FLRW may be currently most compelling.
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