Smart frost measurement for anti-disaster intelligent control in greenhouses via embedding IoT and hybrid AI methods

Abstract A novel Agro-industrial IoT (AIIoT) technology and architecture for intelligent frost forecasting in greenhouses via hybrid Artificial Intelligence (AI), is reported. The Internet of Things (IoT) allows the objects interconnection on the physical world using sensors and actuators via the Internet. The smart system was designed and implemented through a climatological station equipped with Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and a fuzzy associative memory (FAM) for ecological control of the anti-frost disaster irrigation. The ANN forecasts the inside temperature of the greenhouses and the fuzzy control predicts the cropland temperatures for the activation of five output levels of the water pump. The results were compared to a Fourier-statistical analysis of hourly data, showing that the ANN models provide a temperature prediction with effectiveness higher than 90%, as compared to monthly data model. Moreover, results of this process were validated through the determination of the coefficient of variance analysis method ( R 2 ).