Successful control of codling moth persistance to Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV)

Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV) is indispensable for an efficient and environmentally sound control of codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.) in organic pome fruit production. By molecular means, CpGV isolates can be distinguished in five phylogenetic groups A-E. During the last decade more than 40, mainly organic apple plantations with codling moth populations resistant to CpGV products have been identified in different European countries. By genetic analyses and resistance testing three different types of resistance (type I-III) were revealed; they differ in the mode of inheritance as well as in the resistance mechanism. Type I resistance is Z chromosomal inherited and is targeted only against CpGV isolates of the genome group A. Type II resistance is autosomal inherited and also targeted against A, D and E. Finally, type III resistance appears in certain aspects like a mixture of both type I and type II resistance. Currently, different commercial CpGV isolates are used for codling moth control and their efficacy toward different resistance types was tested. This presentation will provide an update on the current knowledge of CpGV resistance.