Prevalencia del dolor de hombro en nadadores de competición: Estudio piloto

Objetivos: conocer la prevalencia de dolor de hombro en nadadores de competicion, sus caracteristicas y su relacion con factores antropometricos y deportivos. Metodos: estudio de prevalencia. Ciento cuarenta nadadores/as entre 12 y 24 anos cumplimentaron un cuestionario durante una fase de entrenamiento especifico. Resultados: el 25,7% revelaron padecer dolor de hombro. Se hallaron relaciones estadisticamente significativas entre el dolor de hombro y episodios previos de dolor (p<0,001), experiencia superior a tres anos (p=0,014), Indice de Masa Corporal (p=0,015) y la especialidad estilo (p=0,008) y distancia (p=0,011). El dolor fue significativamente mas intenso durante la actividad que en reposo (p<0,001). Conclusiones: el dolor de hombro en nadadores de competicion entre 12 y 24 anos parece ser un problema frecuente y repetitivo, que aumenta con la experiencia y que se asocia a la actividad, a un mayor Indice de Masa Corporal y a la especialidad del nadador. PALABRAS CLAVE: natacion, prevalencia, dolor de hombro, dolor, sindrome subacromial. ABSTRACT Objectives: to investigate the prevalence of shoulder pain in competitive swimmers and find out the characteristics of pain as well as its relation to anthropometric and sports factors. Methods: prevalence study. A hundred and forty competitive swimmers between 12 and 24 years old completed a questionnaire in a high intensity training phase. Results: 25.7% swimmers reported shoulder pain. There were significant statistical correlations between shoulder pain and previous episodes of pain (p<0.001), more than three years of experience (p=0.014), Body Mass Index (p=0.015) and stroke (p=0.008) and distance (p=0.011) specialty. Pain was statistically correlated with activity (p<0.001). Conclusions: shoulder pain seems to be a frequent and repetitive problem in competitive swimmers between 12 and 24 years old, which increases with years of practice. Furthermore, it seems to be associated with the activity, a higher Body Mass Index and the swimmers’ specialty. KEY WORDS: swimming, prevalence, shoulder pain, pain, shoulder impingement syndrome.