The Motivational Thought Frequency Scales for increased physical activity and reduced high‐energy snacking

OBJECTIVES: The Motivational Thought Frequency (MTF) Scale has previously demonstrated a coherent four-factor internal structure (Intensity, Incentives Imagery, Self-Efficacy Imagery, Availability) in control of alcohol and effective self-management of diabetes. The current research tested the factorial structure and concurrent associations of versions of the MTF for increasing physical activity (MTF-PA) and reducing high-energy snacks (MTF-S). DESIGN: Study 1 examined the internal structure of the MTF-PA and its concurrent relationship with retrospective reports of vigorous physical activity. Study 2 attempted to replicate these results, also testing the internal structure of the MTF-S and examining whether higher MTF-S scores were found in participants scoring more highly on a screening test for eating disorder. METHODS: In Study 1, 626 participants completed the MTF-PA online and reported minutes of activity in the previous week. In Study 2, 313 participants undertook an online survey that also included the MTF-S and the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26). RESULTS: The studies replicated acceptable fit for the four-factor structure on the MTF-PA and MTF-S. Significant associations of the MTF-PA with recent vigorous activity and of the MTF-S with EAT-26 scores were seen, although associations were stronger in Study 1. CONCLUSIONS: Strong preliminary support for both the MTF-PA and MTF-S was obtained, although more data on their predictive validity are needed. Associations of the MTF-S with potential eating disorder illustrate that high scores may not always be beneficial to health maintenance.