Risk factors of mild cognitive impairment in middle aged patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-section study.

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was applied as cognition assessment implement. One hundred and fifty-seven middle-aged type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled in this cross-section study (age 40∼69, mean age 55 ± 7). There were 93 patients with MCI (MoCA score  Results There were significant differences in the rate of patients with hypertension ([40.63 vs. 58.06%], P  = 0.026), duration of diabetes mellitus ([3.09 ± 4.04 y vs. 4.80 ± 4.94 y], P  = 0.024), C-P ([2.79 ± 1.09 ng/ml vs. 2.26 ± 1.00 ng/ml], P  = 0.008), Max C-IMT ([0.81 ± 0.15 mm vs. 0.91 ± 0.15 mm], P P r  = 0.252, P  = 0.005), and negatively correlated with the history of hypertension ( r  = −0.244, P  = 0.002), duration of DM ( r  = −0.161, P  = 0.044), Max C-IMT ( r  = −0.253, P  = 0.005) and Min C-RI ( r  = −0.183, P  = 0.023). Multiple regression analysis showed that history of hypertension (Beta = −0.267, P  = 0.002), C-P (Beta = 0.281, P  = 0.001) and Min C-RI (Beta = −0.221, P  = 0.011) were significantly independent determinants for the MoCA scores. Conclusions The longer duration of diabetes, history of hypertension, lower serum C-P levels, thickened C-IMT and higher C-RI could be risk factors of MCI in type 2 diabetic patients. This finding could have an important impact on the management of cognitive decline in diabetic patients.