Cognitive and language outcomes in HIV-uninfected infants exposed to combined antiretroviral therapy in utero and through extended breast-feeding.

Results: An FSDQ of less than 85 was found in eight (8.3%) of HEU participants and 15 (14.6%) of controls. In univariate logistic regressions, lower income [odds ratio (OR) ¼ 0.93, P ¼ 0.02], older infant age (OR ¼ 1.08, P ¼ 0.03), lower birth weight (OR ¼ 0.16, P < 0.001), and less maternal education (OR ¼ 0.41, P ¼ 0.047) were associated with the probability of FSDQ less than 85, whereas Group (control/HEU) was not (OR ¼ 1.88, P ¼ 0.16). In the multivariable analysis, only lower birth weight (OR ¼ 0.15, P < 0.001) remained associated with FSDQ less than 85. Conclusions: Our study did not support the presence of an adverse effect on cognitive and language development with prolonged antepartum and postpartum cART e/xposure. Larger studies and studies of older HEU children will be required to confirm these reassuring findings.