Androgen receptor CAG repeat length correlates with semen PSA levels in adolescence

BACKGROUND Androgens exert their action through the androgen receptor (AR). The length of the AR CAG repeat is inversely correlated to receptor function and short CAG length might be a risk factor for development of prostate cancer. Our aim was to investigate whether CAG repeat number might have an impact on prostate function in adolescence. METHODS AR genotyping was performed by direct sequencing of leukocyte DNA from 274 military conscripts. All men underwent endocrine evaluation and semen analysis. RESULTS PSA in seminal plasma, total sperm count and motility all are inversely correlated with CAG numbers (rho = −0.128, P = 0.038; rho = −0.156, P = 0.010; rho = −0.158, P = 0.011), whereas serum levels of free testosterone (rho = 0.132; P = 0.029) and luteinizing hormone (rho = 0.126; P = 0.037) are positively correlated to CAG length. No correlation between seminal PSA and serum testosterone, neither free nor total, was found. CONCLUSIONS In adolescence, AR genotype, but not serum testosterone, is associated with the level of seminal PSA. © 2004 Wileey-Liss, Inc.