Protective role of dietary-supplemented selenium and vitamin E in heat-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in mice testes.

Summary This study evaluated the role of selenium (0.5 ppm selenium/kg diet) and vitamin E (200 mg alpha-tocopherol/kg diet) on spermatogenesis after scrotal hyperthermia (42 °C, 30 min) in six different groups of male Balb/c mice; Control, Heat shock, Selenium, Selenium+heat shock, Vitamin E and Vitamin E+heat shock. Markers of the stress responses, hypoxia and oxidative stress, were evaluated in testis after the hyperthermic shock. Hyperthermia caused an elevated mRNA expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha, haem oxygenase-1 (HMOX-1) and also glutathione peroxidase activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL assay and further by mRNA expression of Bcl-2, caspase 3, 8, 9, bid and AKT. TUNEL assay showed significant increase in apoptotic index of spermatogenic cells, whereas decrease in mRNA expression of Bcl-2, AKT and increase in caspase 3, 8, 9 and Bid in heat-shock group were observed. A significant decrease in sperm motility was also seen in heat-shock group in comparison with control group. These observations clearly indicate the development of oxidative stress and apoptosis after hyperthermia. Further analysis in Selenium+heat shock and Vitamin E+heat shock groups showed protective behaviour as compared to effects in heat-shock group which could be of therapeutic interest in future studies.