Optimal integration of multi-type DG in RDS based on novel voltage stability index with future load growth

In this article, a novel voltage stability index is proposed for the optimal placement and an analytical as well as particle swarm optimization method is implemented for optimal sizing of different types of distributed generation (DG) in a radial distribution system. The three types of DG considered are Type I, Type II and Type IV model. The methods account for changes in long-term system load profile in the planning phase to enhance power system performance. The load model chosen is composite. The optimal power factor and the cost of the DG are also considered. The efficiency of the proposed technique is tested and validated on IEEE 33-bus and 69-bus systems. The significant savings in annual energy loss, reduction in system power losses with upgraded voltage profile is observed for Type IV DG at optimal PF over other types. The results attained are further compared to other analytical and nature-inspired methods to exemplify the dominance of the proposed methodology. The statistical analysis has also been carried out for both bus systems without and with considering all types of DG.