Bacteriological Profile of Post-Operative Wound Infections and Their Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern in a Tertiary Care Hospital
2021
Introduction: Hospital acquired infection (HAI) are the common source of infection in hospital set up especially surgical site
infection (SSI) which is common after surgery. Various factors responsible for SSI are host factors like patient’s immunity
and socio-economic status, infecting micro-organisms, different surgical procedures, and hospital environment. It may lead
to morbidity and mortality and increase the cost of hospital stay.
Aim: The present study was conducted to know the bacteriological profile of post-operative wound infections and their
antimicrobial resistance profile in a tertiary care hospital set up.
Material and Methods: The present study was conducted with a total of 521 pus samples collected in two sterile swabs. One
for direct gram staining and other for culture. Pus sample was processed on Blood agar and MacConkey agar overnight
under aerobic conditions and further identification was done using biochemical reactions. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was
performed using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method.
Results: The wound infection rate was 16.3% (85/521) in the present study. Staphylococcus aureus (35.5%) was the most
predominant micro-organism isolated followed by Escherichia coli (18.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17.6%), Coagulase
Negative Staphylococcus spp. (14.1%), Klebsiella spp. (7%), Acinetobacter spp. (3.5%), and Proteus vulgaris (2.3%) and
Candida spp. (1.2%).
Discussion: In the present study, we have seen that vancomycin and linezolid were the sensitive drugs for Staphylococcus
spp. whereas carbapenems and beta-lactamse inhibitors were promising in gram negative bacteria.
Conclusion: The bacteriological profile of surgical site infection varies from location to location depending upon infection
control practices and environmental factors. The measures should be taken to reduce the SSI and generate antibiotic policy
for preventing multidrug resistance micro-organisms. Thereby, reducing morbidity and mortality of post-operative wound
patients.
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