Ferroelectricity in solution-processed V-doped ZnO thin films

Abstract A major hindrance in developing ferroelectric (FE) devices based on non-centrosymmetric and eco-friendly wurtzite ZnO is its non-switchable polarization. Doping with smaller ionic radii cations induces switchable polarization in ZnO; however, the remnant polarization achieved through doping is very low (2Pr