Mechanical twinning in calcite. Observation of twinning dislocations and planar defects by transmission electron microscopy
1976
Twinning dislocations and planar defects are observed by means of TEM in mechanically twinned calcite crystals. It is found that twinning dislocations are invisible when g · bT = 0 or ± 0.2. They are in contrast when g · bT = 0.3, 0.4, 0.6. The observed planar defects present a fringe contrast with a phase angle α = π. They lie in (111) planes and they are limited by very straight dislocations, the Burgers vector of which is ± 1/3 [121], the fault vector being 1/3[111]. A mechanism for the formation of growth twins on the (111) planes starting from such defects is proposed.
Par microscopie electronique en transmission, nous avons mis en evidence dans des monocristaux de calcite mâcles mecaniquement, des dislocations de mâcle et des defauts plans. Les dislocations de mâcle sont invisibles lorsque g · bT = 0 ou ± 0.2; elles presentent un contraste lorsque g · bT = 0,3; 0,4; 0,6. Les defauts plans observes ont un contraste de franges caracteristiques d'un dephasage α = π Ils sont contenus dans les plans (111) et sont bordes par des dislocations tres rectilignes de vecteur de Burgers ± 1/3[121], le vecteur de faute etant 1/3[111]. Un processus de formation de la mǎcle de croissance sur (111) a partir de ces defauts est propose.
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