Rhinoscleroma in a pediatric patient

Rhinoscleroma (RS) is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis. The nose is affected in all cases but sometimes extend to other parts of the airways. Diagnosis of this disease is done on the basis of the histopathological examination (HPE) or direct evidence of the bacteria in nasal exudates. The differential diagnoses of the RS are syphilis, malignancy, and midline granuloma. Streptomycin is a drug of choice although fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins also provide good results. Surgery is opted in case of obstruction or deformity. Here, we report a case of an 11-year-old girl diagnosed as RS on the basis of the HPE. The patient was treated by endoscopic excision of the nasal mass followed a course of ciprofloxacin. She was remained asymptomatic at the last visit of 1 year after treatment and has no evidence of recurrence.