Determining the optimum TMS and PS of overcurrent relays using the Firefly Algorithm for solving the relay coordination problem

To determine optimal solutions, Artificial intelligence (AI) was used to a number of problems by evolutionary search and metaheuristic algorithms. They are being used in numerous problems related to modern power systems, such as economic load dispatch and coordination of relays. Overcurrent relays (OCRs) coordination is a major issue in the distribution system (DS) protection. To minimize the overall operating time of the relays and set the optimum values of the relay, the coordination should be done correctly. Make sure that when a fault happens, the least damage is incurred. The application of the firefly algorithm (FA) for optimal coordination of relays is presented in this paper. Using MATLAB, the algorithm was implemented and evaluated upon various systems, two of which are discussed in this work. The obtained results by the firefly algorithm (FA) and genetic algorithm (GA) are analyzed and compared.