Left ventricular lead: unusual implantation failure

A 62-year-old woman with dilated non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy was referred for prophylactic cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator implantation. Left subclavicular vein puncture was performed without difficulty, but catheterization of coronary sinus failed. Angiography showed left superior vena cava (LSVC) leading to coronary sinus without any cardiac lateral veins ( Figure 1A ). Owing to …