Procederes del manejo inicial del politrauma maxilofacial y trauma maxilofacial grave

Introduction: facial fractures are a common cause of treatment in emergency services. Objective: Describe procedures used and deaths occurring in the initial management of maxillofacial polytrauma and severe maxillofacial trauma at the emergency service. Methods: a descriptive study was conducted of procedures used and deaths occurring among maxillofacial polytrauma and severe maxillofacial trauma patients cared for at the emergency service of General Calixto Garcia University Hospital in the 2015-2016. The variables considered were both quantitative and qualitative. A data collection form was developed and the information was stored in a database. Data were expressed in whole numbers, percentages and statistical tables. Ethical research principles were abided by. Results: 100 % of the patients underwent airway evaluation, and causes of exsanguination were searched for. Primary assessment: 70.3 % required some airway procedure and more orotracheal intubation was used (10.8 %); for circulation, more peripheral venous cannulation was performed, as well as volume administration and blood sampling for hematological testing (17.6 %). Secondary assessment: 16.2 % required orotracheal intubation; for circulation, 83.8 % required some procedure. 33.8 % needed suturing; CAT scanning was more commonly used (41.9 %). 12.2 % of the patients died; traffic accidents accounted for 9.5 %. Conclusions: all patients underwent airway evaluation, and causes of exsanguination were searched for. The order in which procedures were used was variable, not phased according to the growing complexity of the procedures, and not all procedure options were used. Most deceased patients had been involved in traffic accidents.