Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome: A Case Report

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a potentially life-threatening condition that is associated with the induction of ovulation. In severe forms, the syndrome is characterized by ovarian enlargement, ascites, hemoconcentration, hypercoagulability, pleural effusion, oliguria, and liver function abnormalities. The patient may present with severe abdominal discomfort, dyspnea, and decreased urine output. Despite the acquired knowledge regarding the prediction and prevention of OHSS, 1.8% of the patients still develop severe symptoms. The treatment for OHSS is predominantly supportive, with the correction of electrolyte imbalances and expansion of intravascular volume thereby reducing hemoconcentration and promoting diuresis. We report a case of a 34-year-old female who had undergone a successful in vitro fertilization and was admitted to our hospital with a greatly distended abdomen, associated symptoms include nausea, vomiting, dyspnea, oliguria, and weight gain. After intensive treatement, she made a good recovery and was discharged in good condition.