Современный взгляд на проблемы патогенеза, диагностики и лечения алкогольной кардиомиопатии

Dilatation of the left ventricle cavity and its contractility decrease with the subsequent heart failure development  against the background of prolonged  excessive  alcohol consumption  is commonly called alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ACM). The direct toxic effect of ethanol and its metabolites on the myocardium, neuroendocrine disorders, other manifestations  of alcoholism and a genetic  predisposition  play a significant role in the development  of this pathology.  The purpose  of this review is to study modern  ideas  about  the  mechanisms of development   and  course   of ACM.  In particular, special attention is paid to discussing the doses  of alcohol necessary for the onset of symptoms and its regression. Actual data are presented in relation to a survey aimed at confirming alcohol abuse and the exclusion of alternative causes of myocardial injury, as well as treating patients and determining the prognosis.