ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННАЯ САМООБЕСПЕЧЕННОСТЬ РОССИИ: ПРОБЛЕМЫ, ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ

The article reveals problems of relation between crop acreage and crop land reducing, cattle stock, machinery, mineral fertilizers and aspects of production and food stuff import reducing. The authors point out that crop land was reduced on 42.5 million ha (36 %) from 1990 to 2010; crops seeding was reduced on 19.9 million ha (32 %); forage crops seeding was reduced on 26.5 million ha (2.4 times); cattle stock was reduced from 57 million to 20 million (2.8 times); cow population was reduced in 2.3 times, pigs population was reduced in 2.2 times and sheep population was reduced in 2.6 times. Livestock industry is experiencing stagnation in Russia. The publication specifies that import of meat and meat products corresponded up to 62 % of total production in 2005; import of milk was 23 % in 2005. In 2013 otherwise, import of meat and meat products reached 29 % whereas import of milk and dairy products reached 31 % of production. The paper calculates industrial capacities of Novosibirsk region by 2025; it forecasts beef production to be 79 % of standard consumption; pork production is expected to be 109 %; and dairy production is going to be increased on 130–150 %. Nowadays Novosibirsk region is poultry and eggs exporting area; the region is able to receive 3–3.5 mln tones grain when crop yield is 22 dt/ha in respect to extreme continental climate.