Arquitetura performativa: o uso de materiais responsivos e fabricação digital em experiência de ensino

Architecture can be defined as a composition of space, events and movement that are influenced by environment, users and what happens in it (GOMEZ, 2006). In this context, there is performative architecture, which can be about technical and artistic aspects (LENZ; CELANI, 2015), supported by technical research of smart materials, by relating materials composition to their behavior when environment changes (ADDINGTON; SCHODEK, 2005). By this bias, wood is seen as a smart material, due to its characteristics of response to the environment (HENSEL, 2011).  A responsive bi-layer component has been researched and developed, using wood as an active layer and a synthetic material as a passive layer (HOLSTOV; BRIDGENS; FARMER, 2015; REICHERT; MENGES; CORREA, 2015). This research explored Brazilian woods as a responsive material in bi-layers components and investigated how to introduce such contents in under graduation studio, as a practical activity for the performative architecture theory, using Davidova and Sevaldson (2016) study as a structure for the workshop. An MDF structure was built to check the practical application of hygroscopic responsive wood elements, created at the end of the workshop, as producer of transitional spaces and their behavior in a real environment. It was registered by photos for a month, with humidity varying between 47% and 90%. It was observed that handling a familiar material students understood the importance of comprehending materials behavior and technologies to be applied on buildings, to combine projects demands with local characteristics.