The burden of incidental findings in clinical practice in a tertiary care center

Abstract Backround To evaluate the prevalence and clinical burden of serendipitously discovered abnormalities in hospitalized patients, unrelated to their presenting symptoms and physical signs. Methods A total of 478 patients consecutively admitted in the Department of Medicine were enrolled in the study. In the end of first diagnostic work-up, the previously undetected imaging or endoscopic asymptomatic abnormalities termed as incidental findings (IFs) were recorded and some of them were further investigated. Results One hundred thirty eight (28.8%) patients had IFs. The most common IFs were located in the kidney and genitourinary system followed by liver and gallbladder. The most common method of detection of IFs was ultrasonography (US) of the abdomen. The patients with IFs compared with those without, were older ( P  = 0.007), had no previous hospitalizations ( P P P  = 0.017). Conclusions IFs were prevalent in a hospital population. Hospitalized patients with IFs were more than 60 years old and had no previous hospitalization. A large number of IFs were potentially significant deserving further clinical management.