TOPICAL ISSUES OF PREVENTION OF MENTAL DISORDERS AT THE STAGES OF MEDICAL EVACUATION

The issues of prevalence of emergency situations in Russia, peculiarities of mental reactions to stress are considered. Theoretical and statistical methods are used from research methods. In the formation of mental disorders in emergency situations, temporary periods are distinguished. Specialists of emergency medical care, emergency rescue, emergency psychological formations face the first period of formation of mental disorders, the main task is to isolate persons with destructive forms of behavior maladaptive reactions. Adaptive reactions were noted in 34% and maladaptive reactions of the hyperkinetic and hypokinetic variants in 66%. In the acute period, the intensity of reactions decreases, which contributes to the social adaptation of most of the people who have suffered a disaster. In some cases, anxiety-phobic reactions are transformed into neurotic conditions, the main task is their active detection and hospitalization in this period. In a distant period, the development of post-traumatic stress disorders is possible in both victims and specialists of rescue formations and medical workers with a long time of work. Carrying out work to increase the psychological literacy of specialists of emergency rescue formations, their testing of first aid techniques, correct organization of work in emergency situations, clear teams and confident competent actions of employees contributes to the prevention of the development of mental disorders.