Efficacy of detection of specific nuclear protein of matrix 22 in the urine in diagnosis of urinary bladder cancer

The method is based on enzyme immunoassay for definition of nuclear matrix proteins forming part of the cell nuclear capsule. Quantity of these proteins increase 20-80 times in cancer of the bladder. A total of 83 patients participated in the trial. Group 1 consisted of 18 patients with primary bladder cancer, group 2 - of 26 patients with histologically confirmed bladder cancer recurrence. Group 3 - 19 patients with operated bladder cancer without recurrent disease for at least 6 months. Control group - 20 healthy donors. The test urine sample was placed into a test hole and 30 min later the result was assessed. Overall sensitivity of the method was 52% (p < 0.05). Sensitivity of the test increases with progression of the disease: T1 - 37%, T2 - 75%, T3 - 80% (p < 0.05); G1 - 30%, G2 - 50%, G3 87% (p < 0.05). Overall specificity was 95% (p < 0.05). Thus, nuclear matrix proteins 22 represent a prospective marker of the bladder cancer with high specificity and sensitivity in defining not only primary tumors but also the disease recurrences.