Regulación de expresión de genes de la familia de β-globina humana, útil en la búsqueda de nuevos blancos terapéuticos para tratamiento de hemoglobinopatías

: Different hemoglobin isoforms are expressed during the embryonic, fetal and postnatal stages. They are formed by combination of polypeptide chains synthesized from the α- and β-globin gene clusters. Based on the fact that the presence of high hemoglobin F levels is beneficial in both sickle cell disease and severe thalassemic syndromes, a revision of the regulation of the β-globin cluster expression is proposed, especially regarding the genes encoding the y-globin chains (HBG1 and HBG2). In this review we describe the current knowledge about transcription factors and epigenetic regulators involved in the switches of the β-globin cluster. It is expected that the consolidation of knowledge in this field will allow finding new therapeutic targets for the treatment of hemoglobinopathies.