Plan de negocios para demostrar la factibilidad de la creación de una empresa consultora ambiental ubicada en la zona centro norte de la ciudad de Quito

The Ecuadorian Constitution of 2008; the Latin American pioneer of environmental affairs, grants the natures rights, which imply protection, reparation and sustainability to guarantee the good living of Ecuadorians. Articles 71 and 72 of the Magna Carta place nature or Pacha Mama as a subject of rights, guarantees its integral protection and the establishment of immediate restoration mechanisms in case of serious or permanent environmental impact. In the country there is evidence of the promotion of environmental care, when the new Organic Code on the Environment was issued and published in the Official Registry on April 12, 2017, with strict regulations for projects that will require regulation on environmental issues. As main reference projects, prior to the market study, the data of Ecuadorian environmental consulting firms of Quito and Guayaquil have been chosen. The present project was born as a family entrepreneurship, giving fact that it has the opportunity to interact closely with nature and to protect it. This has made it possible to demonstrate the accelerated damage of the sector in the recent years, as also its causes and consequences. In this context, the proposed environmental consultancy has the objective of being a company specialized in diagnosis, technical assistance and socioenvironmental consulting that seeks to meet the needs of the productive and industrial sector of Ecuador, thus promoting sustainable environmental management, providing services that could cover possible flaws that the competition is neglecting in terms of the market. The project is located in sector 8. Protection of the environment and natural disasters, subsector 8.1 Planning and control of the environment and the responsible institution which is the Ministry of the Environment (SENPLADES, 2018). With regard to the ISIC classification, the present investigation is located in the M7490.23.01 as: Environmental consultancy activities. (United Nations, 2018) The environmental sector is guaranteed through the policies of objective 3 of the National Development Plan 2017-2021 that says Guarantee the rights of nature for current and future generations. The market segment is defined by small and medium-sized companies in the city of Quito, which are natural or legal persons whose economic activities are regulated by the Ministry of the Environment in the platform of the Unique Environmental Information System -SUIA (Ministry of the Environment , 2018) since they are the ones who will need environmental advice by law. As to competition, there are 89 companies registered and qualified before the Ministry of the Environment that offer environmental consulting services, this means that these companies have met the requirements that have been published by this governing body, to offer environmental services, including companies of high environmental impact. This authorization is granted for a period of 2 years after which it must be renewed. (Ministry of the Environment, 2019) The sales projection was made taking into account the mix of the demand in percentages obtained from the survey carried out. On the other hand, this information was contrasted with the one consulted with Um-welt partners about their previous experience in terms of demand for services from the market. The mix given by the surveyed people and the professionals at Um-welt was concurrent. The indicators chosen to measure the service process are focused on the offer of value that includes taking care of the relationship with the client, both in agility to serve them and in their satisfaction with the final delivery. In the same way, they are designed to achieve commercial objectives that ensure the increase of the company's income. The projected financial statements of the company have been projected to five years. A percentage calculation of the different components of the Income Statement has been made. The result in net profit grows from 7.7percent in the first year to reach 16% in the fifth year. It has been considered to join different financial indicators and group them around a topic under analysis. Whit this, analyze the profitability, liquidity and operational risks. Finally, regarding the NPV, it can be affirmed that this project is viable because it is greater than zero; with a situation in terms of IRR of 24 percent, this rate being higher than the minimum required after calculating the CAPM model, which determined a discount rate of 16 percent.