Voltage control analysis of photovoltaic inverters using a real Brazilian distribution network

The voltage control of distributed generators (DGs) is one of the main challenges the distribution networks are facing due to the remarkable increase of DG penetration in the last years. Regarding the photovoltaic (PV) systems, this issue can be accomplished locally through its inverters active and reactive power control capabilities. Thus, in order to investigate the impact of PV systems on the distribution network voltage, this article analyzes the penetration of PV DGs on a real Brazilian distribution grid with 1564 consumers, simulating the operational features of the inverters for voltage control. The simulations are carried out through Open Distribution System Simulator (OpenDSS). Consumers and region real technical and economic database as well as the applicable DGs regulatory policies are also considered on the simulations, in relation to the DGs penetration level. The results indicate Volt-Var control applied to PV systems has achieved an overall better result than the other controls strategies, especially on grid losses. Besides, the OpenDSS function Varfollowinverter applied to the Volt-Var control turns out as an alternative in relation to Volt-Var and Fixed Power Factor strategies concerning voltage improvement and losses minimization.