How to Avoid Nipple–Areola Complex Complications in High-Grade Gynecomastia Patients Treated by Mastectomy: Surgical Pearls

Gynecomastia is an enlargement of the male breast common in both neonates and adolescent boys and senescent males. The authors discuss classification and the surgical treatment of gynecomastia as well as nonsurgical therapeutic options for treatment of gynecomastia that are based on medical therapy aimed to achieve a spontaneous regression of breast tissue regulating the hormonal imbalance. Described are the authors’ technique of performing the procedure and the results thereof.