Inhibition of nitric oxide is a good therapeutic target for bladder tumors that express iNOS.

Abstract Bladder cancer is the second cause of death for urological tumors in man. When the tumor is nonmuscle invasive, transurethral resection is curative. On the other hand, radical cystectomy is the treatment chosen for patients with invasive tumors, but still under treatment, these patients have high risk of dying, by the development of metastatic disease within 5 years. It is therefore important to identify a new therapeutic target to avoid tumor recurrences and tumor progression. Nitric oxide (NO) is an important biological messenger known to influence several types of cancers. In bladder cancer, production of NO and expression and activity of inducible NO synthase was associated to recurrence and progression. The objective of this work was to analyze if inhibition of nitric oxide production could be considered a therapeutic target for bladder tumors expressing iNOS. Using a bladder cancer murine model with different invasiveness grade we have demonstrated that NO inhibition was able to inhibit growth of bladder tumors expressing iNOS. Furthermore, invasive properties of MB49-I orthotopic growth was inhibited using NO inhibitors. This paper also shows that levels of NO in urine can be correlated with tumor size. In conclusion, inhibition of NO could be considered as a therapeutic target that prevents tumor growth and progression. Also, urine NO levels may be useful for measuring tumor growth.