Multimodal Neural Interface Circuits for Diverse Interaction with Neuronal Cell Population in Human Brain

This brief presents multimodal neural interface circuits for diverse interaction with neuronal cell populations in the human brain. The next-generation neural interface system based on advanced circuits that can perform neural recording and stimulation in multiple modalities is indispensable to advance neuroscience and neurotechnology. Seven key circuit topologies used for interfacing with neural networks are reviewed: 1) electrical recording circuits for monitoring action potentials and local field potentials, 2) electrical stimulation circuits delivering electric charges to neuronal cells, 3) chemical recording circuits for monitoring neurotransmitters, 4) impedance measurement and 5) optical imaging circuits to characterize cell distributions and cellular morphologies, 6) optogenetics-based neural recording circuits and 7) neural stimulation circuits for conducting a cell-type-specific study of heterogeneous cell populations.