Topology optimization of patch antennas with specified polarization and beam characteristics

A hybrid topology optimization method is used for the optimization of patch antennas with specified polarization and beam characteristics. Two different topology optimization methods, the material distribution method and the level-set method, are combined. By applying the two methods successively, the optimization process can make full use of the advantages of the two methods. Three antennas are optimized. For the first two antennas, they are directive linearly- and circularly-polarized patch antennas, respectively. For the third one, it is a circularly-polarized conical beam antenna. The performances of all the antennas are verified by the HFSS simulation. Besides, the first two directive antennas are fabricated and measured as well. Measured data have confirmed the optimization results further.