Principles of Energy-effective Land Use in Automobile Transport in Ukraine

The article studies contamination of the environment with motor transport and the objects of road infrastructure. It considers the experience of the European Countries in implementation of investment programs to modernize the transport and the infrastructure as a whole by their "ecologization" and "green transport" to minimize the negative impact on nature and preserve the competitive opportunities. It contemplates on types and sources of bio-fuel used in European countries determines the opportunities to grow the plants for alternative fuel production in Ukraine. The concept of "greening" in relation to the transport system of Ukraine have been considered, as in the scientific literature this concept is quite new. The authors outline the basic issues of the National transport strategy for the period till 2030 on the necessity to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere with movable sources, raising a share of public transport and electric vehicles, electrical buses, muscle-driven vehicles (bikes). The directions of providing the "greening" principle of the transport system of Ukraine have been offered. The necessity of introducing the "reservation" concept for the land of automobile transport to the following normative legal documents have been substantiated: National transport strategy till 2030, State strategy of development of highways, perspective plans of construction, reconstruction or expansion of highways and others. The article contains a plan of actions to decrease the influence of transport on the environment, namely through the implementation of power-saving technologies, the use of alternative fuels, renewal and extending possibilities to use electric transport. The comparative analysis of economical and ecological aspects of different types of transport – "green vehicles".