Estudo das diferenças antropométricas e de comorbidades entre pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca com fração de ejeção preservada e reduzida

Introducao: As doencas cardiovasculares tem ampla prevalencia e no Brasil sao responsaveis pela terceira maior causa de internacoes do SUS sendo a a insuficiencia cardiaca (IC) a principal razao. O presente estudo visa comparar as caracteristicas antropometricas e presenca de diferentes comorbidades em pacientes ambulatoriais com IC cronica, analisando as diferencas entre dois grupos, dicotomizados pela preservacao ou comprometimento da fracao de ejecao (FE). Metodos: Estudo observacional de pacientes com IC cronica atendidos na regiao metropolitana de Porto Alegre (RS). Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos de FE, preservada (FER ≥ 50 %) ou reduzida (FER ≤ 50%), de um total de 155 pacientes atendidos entre julho de 2010 e junho de 2011. Analise estatistica: As variaveis continuas foram apresentadas por media e desvio padrao e as categoricas por frequencia. As diferencas entre as variaveis continuas foram aferidas pelo teste T de Student, e, entre as categoricas, pelo teste do qui-quadrado, e consideradas estatisticamente significativas quando p≤0,05. Resultados: Na amostra, 48 pacientes apresentavam FEP, sendo 60,4% do sexo feminino, com indice de massa corporal medio de 32,8 Kg/m2SC e circunferencia abdominal e quadril com medias de 105,7 cm e 107,9 cm, respectivamente, que foram significativamente maiores do que no grupo com FER, alem de niveis pressoricos sistolicos mais elevados. Conclusao: Os pacientes com FEP, na amostra estudada, foram significativamente mais obesos e com maior distribuicao de gordura centripeta, sem outras diferencas antropometricas, e com media de PA sistolica mais elevada, quando comparados aos pacientes com FER. (AU) Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are widely prevalent and in Brazil they are the third leading cause of SUS hospitalizations where heart failure (HF) is the main reason. This study aims to compare the anthropometric characteristics and presence of various co-morbidities in outpatients with chronic HF, analyzing the differences between two groups, dichotomized by preservation or impairment of the ejection fraction (EF). Methods: An observational study of patients with chronic heart failure treated in the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre (RS). The patients were divided into two groups of EF, preserved (PEF ≥ 50%) or reduced (REF ≤ 50%), from a total of 155 patients treated between July 2010 and June 2011. Statistical analysis: Continuous variables were presented as mean and standard deviation and categorical variables by frequency. Differences between continuous variables were assessed by the Student’s t test, and between categorical variables by the chi-square test, and considered statistically significant at p ≤ 0.05. Results: In the sample, 48 patients had PEF, 60.4% being females, with a mean body mass index of 32.8 Kg/m2SC and mean waist circumference and hip of 105.7 cm and 107.9 cm, respectively, which were significantly higher than in the REF group, and higher systolic blood pressure. Conclusion: In our sample, patients with PEF were significantly more obese and had more centripetal fat distribution, with no other anthropometric differences, and higher mean systolic BP than patients with REF. (AU)